The presented materials are prepared on the basis of the results of long-term field experiments of domestic and foreign research institutions, results of agrochemical monitoring in the system of agrochemical service of the Russian Federation in various soil and climatic zones of Russia. The materials substantiate the importance and role of lime acidic soils, presented analysis of the state and dynamics of acidity of soils of agricultural land, the features of the use of different forms of limecontaining materials. The main functions of soil lime are indicated and the consequences in case of weakening of soil acidity are predicted. It has been established that the effect of the reclamation on the acidity of the soil is divided into two periods. The maximum displacement of pHKCl is observed 3…5 years after the introduction of the reclamation. The prevailing doses of lime in the materials given were doses of Saso3 4…6 t/ha, i.e. the most commonly used in the Non-Black Earth area. The quantitative parameters of changes in the level of acidity of the environment with the systematic use of physiologically acidic mineral fertilizers, especially nitrogen and potassium, which have an increasing effect on calcium loss from the soil. The growing negative effect of nitrogen-potassium fertilizers on the physical and chemical properties of the soil can lead first to their partial, and then to complete inefficiency on turf-sub-golden soils. The quantitative parameters of changes in the level of soil response in flood conditions during rice cultivation have been established. The results of the effect of different doses of lime on crop yields are presented. It is noted that soil lime is the main environmental measure to ensure the stabilization of the environmental safety of agro-censors and obtain products that meet sanitary standards. The need to restore the practice of lime in the right volumes in the near future is emphasized.